computers

By Jill Walker Rettberg, 26 November, 2020
Publication Type
Language
Year
ISBN
978-0-520-94851-8
Record Status
Abstract (in English)

This book introduces an archaeological approach to the study of media - one that sifts through the evidence to learn how media were written about, used, designed, preserved, and sometimes discarded. Edited by Erkki Huhtamo and Jussi Parikka, with contributions from internationally prominent scholars from Europe, North America, and Japan, the essays help us understand how the media that predate today’s interactive, digital forms were in their time contested, adopted and embedded in the everyday. Providing a broad overview of the many historical and theoretical facets of Media Archaeology as an emerging field, the book encourages discussion by presenting a full range of different voices. By revisiting ‘old’ or even ‘dead’ media, it provides a richer horizon for understanding ‘new’ media in their complex and often contradictory roles in contemporary society and culture.

DOI
10.1525/97805209
By Jorge Sáez Jim…, 24 November, 2019
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Language
Year
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Abstract (in English)

This paper will start by exploring Platonic Formalism as Techne without instantiation. In a concurrently anti-aesthetic and morally rationalist manner, Plato's space for any artistic enactment requires a social engagement utilizing a logical method. This is mathematics without technology, or the semantics of the structured without any methodology for construction and preservation. Analytically speaking, we are given a dialogic picture of the ghost in the machine.

This phrase, used critically by Gilbert Ryle to take apart the mental dualism of Descartes, can contrast with Kierkegaard's appreciation of the thinker - that is, the personal reasoning of Descartes, Socrates debating himself (as he often does). Rationalism takes the form of logical structures that roam the imaginary and hypothetical, a sheerly literary game (Kierkegaard's first stage) in a manner described by absence. A negative machinic aesthetics.

Randy Adams, the Canadian digital poet, accumulated a body of work that grew up in the social blog heavy 2000s period of web history. Amidst a flurry of activity on different corporate American platforms like blogspot and wordpress, the collective blog took root and Adams' own Remixworx was exemplary of this. These projects are crucial as social works as well as platforms for some of the most reflective and relevant work being made at the time. Some artists, such as Carmen Racovitza and Matina Stamatakis, made their primary base in these blogs, and have a body of work that I think can't be properly appreciated without a valorization of these spaces. Others, such as Ted Warnell, have no extant work from such commercial platforms except scattered documents and references (https://warnell.com/blogs/codepo.txt).

Computers are born out of the pre-emptive strategizing of American imperialism, and their interconnected evolution has reified over time this military-commercial genealogy. The question for a work in a new medium is not simply how to technically use that medium but what is the social audience - of creators and readers. Much as the printing press and its reproduced codices represent a core method of European communication and political growth, so the computer wears the vestige of America's technical and territorial advance on the world stage.

Starting with an archeology of instrumental rationalism, my exploration will then bifurcate between the social media literature that proliferated through the later 2000s and 2010s, and the social infrastructure that made that possible. In contrast to the internet origin myth that starts free and gradually gets commercially corrupted, I will attempt to make the case that as social bodies settle into its media, the basic nature - both historical and technical - becomes culturally revealed over time. By following a series of creative authors I have found attuned to the computer network's economic and social structures, I hope to diagram the inherent corporate statism that undergirds internet space from its inception. Insofar as such a picture is accurate I argue that the role of the artist becomes one of reversing that overinstrumentalized rationalism, of discovering the platforms for its bias and engaging in a critical practice at once parasitic and analytical. It could be that that Cartesian Spectre, or Plato's Socratic Method, however heuristic, proves the personal rational key to a world whose logic has grown all too technological.

By Jorge Sáez Jim…, 24 November, 2019
Author
Language
Year
Record Status
Abstract (in English)

My work is an ongoing studio of experiments thinking about where writing can occur. After migrating from the page to the computer, it travelled between social sites back into installations, performances and laboratory media. My exploration of what I see as an explosion of technical spaces has led me to think about the tendency underneath that, an industrialized scientific method, as the chief writing medium of our time. Technology and computers yes, but this is held up by the material-knowledge spaces that incubate their growth - this tangible grounding moves the technological into biological space.

While biotechnology is an extension or an epistemological contextualizing of technology, it is also a marked regression. Inscription itself starts largely in biotechnologies and continually returns to its materials. This coupled with the accelerationist destiny of drowning the new as the old, makes for a techne both ephemeral and nonsemantic. It is this newness and tradition, meaninglessness and evocative saturation that makes the biomaterial both entirely cumbersome in an archival sense and yet persistently present.

These are the first and last materials for us, while the archive will be much more suited to the alien race that succeeds us - that is the inhuman temporality we explore with foreign materials. Biology is quite different, entirely recognizable and yet as rapid fire commerce something as frenetic as anything but whose proximity reads far more teleologically monstrous.

In this interest I have explored a lab of biology - from the biomaterial that contrasts with the mined strangeness of the industrial machine, to the biosensing interface which add difficulty and complication to interactive work. In many ways unruly and impractical and yet the arduous process of cultivating new spaces, new biocultural situations, returns as the rational basis for literary exchange. The domestication of the other giving place to of cultural activity and the resistive fragmentation of this tendency creating the means for paradigmatic rupture. Where the computation of woven cloth meets an organism's electrochemical signalling.

This paper will start by exploring Platonic Formalism as Techne without instantiation. In a concurrently anti-aesthetic and morally rationalist manner, Plato's space for any artistic enactment requires a social engagement utilizing a logical method. This is mathematics without technology, or the semantics of the structured without any methodology for construction and preservation. Analytically speaking, we are given a dialogic picture of the ghost in the machine.

This phrase, used critically by Gilbert Ryle to take apart the mental dualism of Descartes, can contrast with Kierkegaard's appreciation of the thinker - that is, the personal reasoning of Descartes, Socrates debating himself (as he often does). Rationalism takes the form of logical structures that roam the imaginary and hypothetical, a sheerly literary game (Kierkegaard's first stage) in a manner described by absence. A negative machinic aesthetics.

Randy Adams, the Canadian digital poet, accumulated a body of work that grew up in the social blog heavy 2000s period of web history. Amidst a flurry of activity on different corporate American platforms like blogspot and wordpress, the collective blog took root and Adams' own Remixworx was exemplary of this. These projects are crucial as social works as well as platforms for some of the most reflective and relevant work being made at the time. Some artists, such as Carmen Racovitza and Matina Stamatakis, made their primary base in these blogs, and have a body of work that I think can't be properly appreciated without a valorization of these spaces. Others, such as Ted Warnell, have no extant work from such commercial platforms except scattered documents and references (https://warnell.com/blogs/codepo.txt).

Computers are born out of the pre-emptive strategizing of American imperialism, and their interconnected evolution has reified over time this military-commercial genealogy. The question for a work in a new medium is not simply how to technically use that medium but what is the social audience - of creators and readers. Much as the printing press and its reproduced codices represent a core method of European communication and political growth, so the computer wears the vestige of America's technical and territorial advance on the world stage.

Starting with an archeology of instrumental rationalism, my exploration will then bifurcate between the social media literature that proliferated through the later 2000s and 2010s, and the social infrastructure that made that possible. In contrast to the internet origin myth that starts free and gradually gets commercially corrupted, I will attempt to make the case that as social bodies settle into its media, the basic nature - both historical and technical - becomes culturally revealed over time. By following a series of creative authors I have found attuned to the computer network's economic and social structures, I hope to diagram the inherent corporate statism that undergirds internet space from its inception. Insofar as such a picture is accurate I argue that the role of the artist becomes one of reversing that overinstrumentalized rationalism, of discovering the platforms for its bias and engaging in a critical practice at once parasitic and analytical. It could be that that Cartesian Spectre, or Plato's Socratic Method, however heuristic, proves the personal rational key to a world whose logic has grown all too technological.

By Jorge Sáez Jim…, 17 November, 2019
Language
Year
Record Status
Abstract (in English)

Natural language generation (NLG) – when computers produce text-based output in readable human languages – is becoming increasingly prevalent in our modern digital age. This paper will review the ways in which an NLG system may be framed in popular and scholarly discourse: namely, as a tool or as an agent. It will consider the implications of such perspectives for general perceptions of NLG systems and computer-generated texts. Negotiating claims made by system developers and the opinions of ordinary readers amassed through empirical studies conducted for this research, this paper delves into a theoretical and philosophical exploration of questions of authorial agency related to computer-generated texts, and by considering whether NLG systems constitute tools for manifesting human intention or agents in themselves.

This paper will begin by considering NLG systems as tools for manifesting human intent, the more commonly expressed view amongst developers and readers. An NLG system arguably serves as an extension of a human self (e.g. the developer or the user). Yet one cannot ignore the increasing autonomy of such systems. At what point does an extension of the self become a distinct entity altogether?

The discussion will then shift to considering NLG systems as agents in themselves. As evidenced by the results of studies conducted for this research, ordinary readers do tend to attribute authorship to computer-generated texts. However, these readers often attribute authorship to the system rather than its developers, indicating that – in some way – the system is distinct enough from its creators to warrant the title of author. Yet conventional modern understandings of the word ‘author’ suggest that authorship at least partly presumes intention- driven agency. Do NLG systems adhere to this expectation? Through reference to various theoretical perspectives, this paper will argue that some NLG systems may surpass the ‘tool’ title and more appropriately be deemed authorial agents. This type of agency, however, is not so characterised by the free-will intention of human writers, but by the intention to fulfil a designated objective that is respected within broader social contexts. When readers attribute authorship to the NLG system itself, that entity is permitted a place within the fluid social networks that humans populate. The NLG system becomes an algorithmic author.

By Alvaro Seica, 9 February, 2018
Publication Type
Language
Editor
Year
ISBN
978-1-4742-3025-4
License
All Rights reserved
Record Status
Abstract (in English)

The digital age has had a profound impact on literary culture, with new technologies opening up opportunities for new forms of literary art from hyperfiction to multi-media poetry and narrative-driven games. Bringing together leading scholars and artists from across the world, The Bloomsbury Handbook of Electronic Literature is the first authoritative reference handbook to the field.Crossing disciplinary boundaries, this book explores the foundational theories of the field, contemporary artistic practices, debates and controversies surrounding such key concepts as canonicity, world systems, narrative and the digital humanities, and historical developments and new media contexts of contemporary electronic literature. Including guides to major publications in the field, The Bloomsbury Handbook of Electronic Literature is an essential resource for scholars of contemporary culture in the digital era.

(Source: Publisher's description)

Description (in English)

The work plays a tension between media and treats the question of control. It is a piece of the “small uncomfortable reading poems” series.
Play music for my poem is based on 2 computers that communicate with each other. The first one contains a combinatory generator of sound that plays music for the second computer. The second computer runs a set of 4 combinatory text generators composing a unique poem in 4 stanzas. The music manages the visibility of this text and the reader controls the music generator via a game running on the first computer.