Portuguese

Description (in English)

50 years ago a calculator generated a literary text for the first time ever. And this was in Stuttgart my hometown.
Theo Lutz wrote 1959 a program for Zuse Z22 to create stochastic texts. On the advice of the Stuttgardian philosopher Max Bense, he took sixteen nouns and adjectives out of Kafka’s “Schloss,” which the calculator then formed into sentences, following certain patterns. Thus every sentence began with “ein” or “jeder” (“one” or “each”) or the corresponding negative form “kein” or “nicht jeder” (“no” or “not every”). Then the noun, selected arbitrarily from the pool of sixteen, was linked through the verb “ist” (“is”) with the likewise arbitrarily chosen adjective. Then the whole assembly was linked up through “und,” “oder,” “so gilt” (“and,” “either,” “thus”) or given a full stop. Following these calculation instructions, by means of this algorithm, the machine was able to construct such sentences as:

EIN TAG IST TIEF UND JEDES HAUS IST FERN
(A day is deep and every house is distant)
JEDES DORF IST DUNKEL; SO GILT KEIN GAST IST GROSS
(Every village is dark, thus no guest is large)

For the performance of “free lutz!” I use a web conversion of Theo Lutz’s program which I wrote in PHP. The Web interface generates stochastic texts on the basis of Lutz’s algorithm but permit additional word input. The nouns and adjectives of the original vocabulary can be replaced by the audience at the performance through a terminal.
In 1959, computer texts were connotated as literary texts twice over, firstly through the “Kafka” vocabulary, and secondly through corrections carried out by Theo Lutz. In an edited print out of a selection of stochastic texts, Theo Lutz corrected minor grammar errors and punctuation omissions by hand, and thus, out of keeping with the programming, he acted as a “traditional” author. In the performance, reference is made to these literary features (or one could almost say “human failings”) of the first computer-generated texts in two ways. The first is through the co-authorship of the listeners, the second is the literary production of the computer texts by a professional speaker reading off the screen and performing them as they were generated.

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By Luciana Gattass, 6 November, 2012
Publication Type
Language
Year
Publisher
Pages
216-227
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CC Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike
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Description in original language
Abstract (in original language)

O assunto deste artigo é a transição do analógico ao digital, e seu tema específico é a imagem digital. Visando identificar de que maneiras a imagem digital pode condicionar a arte que dela se serve, reflete sobre a técnica ligada a essa imagem, e relaciona-a ao conceito de espaço na filosofia moderna. Argumenta que o digital barateia e simplifica o trabalho com imagens, mas que isso não garante que a imagem digital seja um vetor de democratização.

By Luciana Gattass, 6 November, 2012
Publication Type
Language
Year
Publisher
Pages
203-215
License
CC Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike
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Description in original language
Abstract (in original language)

“Estruturar o inestruturável: o uso da mnemotécnica na construção de ambientes virtuais”, apresenta relações entre o trabalho de arquitetura e a construção de ambientes virtuais, através de exemplos comentados, como é o caso de Trans-Port, do arquiteto holandês Kas Oosterhuis, dentre outros.

By Luciana Gattass, 30 October, 2012
Publication Type
Language
Year
Publisher
Pages
48-58
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All Rights reserved
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Abstract (in English)

This paper proposes a genealogy of the concepts of subculture as one of the elements and founding myths of cyberculture. Our main goal is to map the almost indistinctive relations between the processes of communication and subcultural sociability, which were already part of cyberculture, starting from the different countercultures that formed it (such as hackers, scientists, artists, political activists, etc.), as well as their updates and reconfigurations up to their dissemination through the potentiation of communication technologies, particularly in the fragmentation of the countless social niches and practices on the Web. Thus, we propose two apparently distinct conceptual and theoretical frameworks: subcultural studies and theories of cyberculture in an attempt to refine the concept of cyberculture (or cybercultures?), based on epistemic boundaries that expand the studies about these communication practices and uses of technological cultural artifacts.

Description in original language
Abstract (in original language)

O presente ensaio nasceu de uma inquietação teórica com vistas a uma problematização e breve historicização da emergência da cibercultura – ou, em um entendimento de vertente pluralista, “ciberculturas”, dada a diversidade de definições e mesmo de interesses proporcionados pelos efeitos das tecnologias de comunicação e informação na sociedade contemporânea, em relação às práticas e aos usos comunicacionais da Web e de outros artefatos tecnológicos.

By Luciana Gattass, 27 October, 2012
Author
Publication Type
Year
Pages
39-48
Record Status
Abstract (in English)

The concept of cyberculture has gained unquestionable legitimacy within the field of human sciences, where it comprises the backdrop for relevant issues regarding subjects as diverse as anthropology, philosophy and literary theory. However, its broadness and chronic indefiniteness suggest a likeness to media studies as a form of knowledge that is nebulous, transdisciplinary and under constant reevaluation of its boundaries. The goal of this work is to propose the definition of cyberculture as a discursive or cultural formation (cf. MATRIX, 2006; FOSTER, 2005), with coherent epistemological structures that are approachable from a unifying perspective. What is suggested, therefore, is to understand cyberculture as a field of knowledge that can encompass, without disparities, the many different objects and issues that have been traditionally classified as “cybercultural.” To this end, we take the iPhone as a case study, analyzing some of the cultural representations surrounding the device, frequently viewed as an object of desire and symbol of a “digital lifestyle.”

Description in original language
Abstract (in original language)

O conceito de cibercultura conquistou inquestionável direito de cidadania no campo
das ciências humanas, no qual tem se constituído como horizonte de questões relevantes para
disciplinas tão diferentes como a Antropologia, a Filosofia ou a teoria literária. Contudo, sua
amplitude e indefinição crônicas a aproximam da Comunicação como um saber nebuloso,
transdisciplinar e em constante reavaliação de suas fronteiras. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma definição operatória de cibercultura como formação discursiva ou cultural (cf. FOSTER, 2005; MATRIX, 2006), com estruturas epistemológicas coerentes e passíveis de abordagem a partir de uma perspectiva unificadora. O que se sugere, portanto, é pensar a cibercultura como campo de conhecimento capaz de englobar, sem disparidades, os diferentes objetos e questões que têm sido tradicionalmente classificados como “ciberculturais”. Para tanto, tomamos como estudo de caso o iPhone, da Apple, analisando algumas das representações culturais formuladas em torno do aparelho, objeto de desejo e símbolo de um estilo de “vida digital”.

By Luciana Gattass, 26 October, 2012
Publication Type
Language
Year
Publisher
ISBN
978-85-63368-00-3
License
All Rights reserved
Record Status
Abstract (in English)

This book brings together articles on core themes of the contemporary social, political, cultural, economic and technological scenario connected to the transnational phenomenon of cyberculture, the phase of post-industrial capitalism founded upon the media and interactive networks. The collection, which is divided into five thematic macrosections encompassing the areas of Communication, Information Science, Philosophy, Esthetics, Semiotics, Politics, Anthropology, Sociology and Arts. Its purpose is to shed light on the state of the art of cyberculture by addressing fundamental theoretical concepts of the times, such as post-mass culture and digital convergence, the issue of democracy and freedom, the vectors of space and time, quotidian life and its mediations, the imaginary, subjectivity and perception, the body and sociability, cognition and authorship, games, music and consumption, etc. Tying these themes together against the grain, most of the articles deal with and/or propose the deconstruction of the logic of modernity, of mass, and the rewriting of several of the aforementioned factors that derive mostly from this recent cultural heritage. With its focus on the change in current paradigms, the collection allows for the formation of a comprehensive view of the vicissitudes and possibilities of the advanced technological world, particularly insofar as they concern the macrorelationships between media/interactive networks and the reorganization of social life. It also contributes to the theoretical, epistemological and methodological nucleation of the new interdisciplinary field of knowledge that the institutional and intellectual objectives of ABCiber - Brazilian Association of Cyberculture Researchers propose to organize, foment, expand and consolidate in Brazil.

(Source: editors)

Description in original language
Abstract (in original language)

A presente obra reúne artigos sobre temáticas centrais da cena social, política, cultural, econômica e tecnológica contemporânea ligadas ao fenômeno transnacional da cibercultura, a fase do capitalismo pós-industrial fincada em media e redes interativos. Dividida em cinco macrosseções temáticas, a coletânea se articula nas áreas de Comunicação, Ciência da Informação, Filosofia, Estética, Semiótica, Política, Antropologia, Sociologia e Artes, para apreender, ao seu modo, o estado da arte da cibercultura, mediante tratamento teórico de platôs conceituais fundamentais da época: a cultura pós-massiva e a convergência digital, a questão democrática e a liberdade, os vetores espacial e temporal, a vida cotidiana e suas mediações, o imaginário, a subjetividade e a percepção, o corpo e a sociabilidade, a cognição e a autoria, a educação, a telepresença e a experiência de imersão, as redes sociais e a mobilidade, o jogo, a música e o consumo, e assim por diante. Cerzindo esses vórtices a contrapelo, a maioria dos textos aborda e/ou propõe a desconstrução da lógica da modernidade, de massa, e a reescritura de vários dos fatores mencionados, majoritariamente egressos dessa recente herança cultural. Com tal foco na mudança dos paradigmas em curso, a obra possibilita a formação de uma visão abrangente a respeito das vicissitudes e aberturas do mundo tecnológico avançado, em especial no que concerne às macrorrelações entre media/redes interativos e reorganização da vida social; e contribui para a nucleação teórica, epistemológica e metodológica do novo campo interdisciplinar de conhecimento que a ABCiber - Associação Brasileira de Pesquisadores em Cibercultura, em seu objetivo institucional e intelectual, se propôs a organizar, fomentar, expandir e consolidar no Brasil.

(Fonte: editores)

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By Luciana Gattass, 26 October, 2012
Publication Type
Language
Year
ISBN
978-85-63368-01-0
License
All Rights reserved
Record Status
Abstract (in English)

This book is a compilation of essays by well-known Brazilian researchers on the historically emergent and transnational phenomenon of cyberculture, the socio-technological formation corresponding to the contemporary development of late capitalism, articulated and modulated by the collective appropriation of interactive media and of cyberspace. The second online eBook of the ABCiber Collection, open to universal access, this project concentrates and deepens theoretical, epistemological and methodological concerns about the main characteristics of the civilizing process postulated therein, of an advanced multimediatic base – its origins, state of the art, trends and horizons –, and particularly how this process is expressed in Brazil, be it through its problematic aspects or through to its diversity and potentialities. As such, this book complements the reflective and critical cycle introduced by the first volume of the Collection, offering an abundant source of discussions encompassing diverse fields of human endeavor, such as the science, research and education of journalism and photography, music and entertainment, cyberspace, social networks and daily life, etc., as well as several areas of knowledge, including Communication, Information Science, Sociology, Philosophy, Semiotics, Political Science, Law, History, Education, Psychology, Arts and Design.

Description in original language
Abstract (in original language)

A presente obra reúne textos de importantes pesquisadores brasileiros em torno do fenômeno historicamente emergente e transnacional da cibercultura, a formação sociotecnológica correspondente ao desenvolvimento contemporâneo do capitalismo tardio, articulado e modulado pela apropriação coletiva de media interativos e do ciberespaço. Segundo ebook online da Coleção ABCiber, aberto ao acesso universal, o projeto concentra e aprofunda preocupações teóricas, epistemológicas e metodológicas a respeito das principais características do processo civilizatório aí pressuposto, de base multimediática avançada – suas origens, seu estado da arte, suas tendências e horizontes –, e, em particular, de como ele se expressa no Brasil, seja por seus aspectos problemáticos, seja por sua diversidade e suas potencialidades. Como tal, a obra complementa o ciclo reflexivo e crítico aberto pelo primeiro volume da Coleção, totalizando um manancial próspero de argumentações que abarcam diferentes campos de atuação humana, como o da ciência, da pesquisa e do ensino, do jornalismo e da fotografia, da música e do entretenimento, do ciberespaço, das "redes sociais" e da vida cotidiana, e assim por diante, bem como várias áreas de conhecimento, entre elas a Comunicação, a Ciência da Informação, a Sociologia, a Filosofia, a Semiótica, a Ciência Política, o Direito, a História, a Educação, a Psicologia, as Artes e o Design.

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abciber2.pdf (9.03 MB)