Anthology of creative work or online gallery

By David Jhave Johnston, 25 May, 2021
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Abstract (in English)

ReRites is a project consisting of 12 poetry books (generated by a computer then edited by poet David Jhave Johnston) created between May 2017-18. Jhave produced one book of poetry per month, utilizing neural networks trained on a contemporary poetry corpus to generate source texts which were then edited into the ReRites poems. (The limited edition boxset) is a conceptual proof-of-concept about the impact of augmented creativity and human-machine symbiosis.

This book contains 60 pages of poems selected from the over 4500 pages of ReRites poems;  some of the Raw Output generated by the computer; and 8 Response essays. 

Introduced & edited by Stephanie Strickland with essays by Allison Parrish, Johanna Drucker, Kyle Booten, John Cayley, Lai-Tze Fan, Nick Montfort, Mairéad Byrne, Chris Funkhouser, and an author-note from David (Jhave) Johnston.

Pull Quotes

Introduced & edited by Stephanie Strickland with essays by Allison Parrish, Johanna Drucker, Kyle Booten, John Cayley, Lai-Tze Fan, Nick Montfort, Mairéad Byrne, Chris Funkhouser, and an author-note from David (Jhave) Johnston.

Creative Works referenced
Publisher Referenced
By Jorge Sáez Jim…, 24 November, 2019
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Abstract (in English)

This paper will start by exploring Platonic Formalism as Techne without instantiation. In a concurrently anti-aesthetic and morally rationalist manner, Plato's space for any artistic enactment requires a social engagement utilizing a logical method. This is mathematics without technology, or the semantics of the structured without any methodology for construction and preservation. Analytically speaking, we are given a dialogic picture of the ghost in the machine.

This phrase, used critically by Gilbert Ryle to take apart the mental dualism of Descartes, can contrast with Kierkegaard's appreciation of the thinker - that is, the personal reasoning of Descartes, Socrates debating himself (as he often does). Rationalism takes the form of logical structures that roam the imaginary and hypothetical, a sheerly literary game (Kierkegaard's first stage) in a manner described by absence. A negative machinic aesthetics.

Randy Adams, the Canadian digital poet, accumulated a body of work that grew up in the social blog heavy 2000s period of web history. Amidst a flurry of activity on different corporate American platforms like blogspot and wordpress, the collective blog took root and Adams' own Remixworx was exemplary of this. These projects are crucial as social works as well as platforms for some of the most reflective and relevant work being made at the time. Some artists, such as Carmen Racovitza and Matina Stamatakis, made their primary base in these blogs, and have a body of work that I think can't be properly appreciated without a valorization of these spaces. Others, such as Ted Warnell, have no extant work from such commercial platforms except scattered documents and references (https://warnell.com/blogs/codepo.txt).

Computers are born out of the pre-emptive strategizing of American imperialism, and their interconnected evolution has reified over time this military-commercial genealogy. The question for a work in a new medium is not simply how to technically use that medium but what is the social audience - of creators and readers. Much as the printing press and its reproduced codices represent a core method of European communication and political growth, so the computer wears the vestige of America's technical and territorial advance on the world stage.

Starting with an archeology of instrumental rationalism, my exploration will then bifurcate between the social media literature that proliferated through the later 2000s and 2010s, and the social infrastructure that made that possible. In contrast to the internet origin myth that starts free and gradually gets commercially corrupted, I will attempt to make the case that as social bodies settle into its media, the basic nature - both historical and technical - becomes culturally revealed over time. By following a series of creative authors I have found attuned to the computer network's economic and social structures, I hope to diagram the inherent corporate statism that undergirds internet space from its inception. Insofar as such a picture is accurate I argue that the role of the artist becomes one of reversing that overinstrumentalized rationalism, of discovering the platforms for its bias and engaging in a critical practice at once parasitic and analytical. It could be that that Cartesian Spectre, or Plato's Socratic Method, however heuristic, proves the personal rational key to a world whose logic has grown all too technological.

By Jorge Sáez Jim…, 24 November, 2019
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Abstract (in English)

My work is an ongoing studio of experiments thinking about where writing can occur. After migrating from the page to the computer, it travelled between social sites back into installations, performances and laboratory media. My exploration of what I see as an explosion of technical spaces has led me to think about the tendency underneath that, an industrialized scientific method, as the chief writing medium of our time. Technology and computers yes, but this is held up by the material-knowledge spaces that incubate their growth - this tangible grounding moves the technological into biological space.

While biotechnology is an extension or an epistemological contextualizing of technology, it is also a marked regression. Inscription itself starts largely in biotechnologies and continually returns to its materials. This coupled with the accelerationist destiny of drowning the new as the old, makes for a techne both ephemeral and nonsemantic. It is this newness and tradition, meaninglessness and evocative saturation that makes the biomaterial both entirely cumbersome in an archival sense and yet persistently present.

These are the first and last materials for us, while the archive will be much more suited to the alien race that succeeds us - that is the inhuman temporality we explore with foreign materials. Biology is quite different, entirely recognizable and yet as rapid fire commerce something as frenetic as anything but whose proximity reads far more teleologically monstrous.

In this interest I have explored a lab of biology - from the biomaterial that contrasts with the mined strangeness of the industrial machine, to the biosensing interface which add difficulty and complication to interactive work. In many ways unruly and impractical and yet the arduous process of cultivating new spaces, new biocultural situations, returns as the rational basis for literary exchange. The domestication of the other giving place to of cultural activity and the resistive fragmentation of this tendency creating the means for paradigmatic rupture. Where the computation of woven cloth meets an organism's electrochemical signalling.

This paper will start by exploring Platonic Formalism as Techne without instantiation. In a concurrently anti-aesthetic and morally rationalist manner, Plato's space for any artistic enactment requires a social engagement utilizing a logical method. This is mathematics without technology, or the semantics of the structured without any methodology for construction and preservation. Analytically speaking, we are given a dialogic picture of the ghost in the machine.

This phrase, used critically by Gilbert Ryle to take apart the mental dualism of Descartes, can contrast with Kierkegaard's appreciation of the thinker - that is, the personal reasoning of Descartes, Socrates debating himself (as he often does). Rationalism takes the form of logical structures that roam the imaginary and hypothetical, a sheerly literary game (Kierkegaard's first stage) in a manner described by absence. A negative machinic aesthetics.

Randy Adams, the Canadian digital poet, accumulated a body of work that grew up in the social blog heavy 2000s period of web history. Amidst a flurry of activity on different corporate American platforms like blogspot and wordpress, the collective blog took root and Adams' own Remixworx was exemplary of this. These projects are crucial as social works as well as platforms for some of the most reflective and relevant work being made at the time. Some artists, such as Carmen Racovitza and Matina Stamatakis, made their primary base in these blogs, and have a body of work that I think can't be properly appreciated without a valorization of these spaces. Others, such as Ted Warnell, have no extant work from such commercial platforms except scattered documents and references (https://warnell.com/blogs/codepo.txt).

Computers are born out of the pre-emptive strategizing of American imperialism, and their interconnected evolution has reified over time this military-commercial genealogy. The question for a work in a new medium is not simply how to technically use that medium but what is the social audience - of creators and readers. Much as the printing press and its reproduced codices represent a core method of European communication and political growth, so the computer wears the vestige of America's technical and territorial advance on the world stage.

Starting with an archeology of instrumental rationalism, my exploration will then bifurcate between the social media literature that proliferated through the later 2000s and 2010s, and the social infrastructure that made that possible. In contrast to the internet origin myth that starts free and gradually gets commercially corrupted, I will attempt to make the case that as social bodies settle into its media, the basic nature - both historical and technical - becomes culturally revealed over time. By following a series of creative authors I have found attuned to the computer network's economic and social structures, I hope to diagram the inherent corporate statism that undergirds internet space from its inception. Insofar as such a picture is accurate I argue that the role of the artist becomes one of reversing that overinstrumentalized rationalism, of discovering the platforms for its bias and engaging in a critical practice at once parasitic and analytical. It could be that that Cartesian Spectre, or Plato's Socratic Method, however heuristic, proves the personal rational key to a world whose logic has grown all too technological.

By Jorge Sáez Jim…, 17 November, 2019
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Abstract (in English)

Natural language generation (NLG) – when computers produce text-based output in readable human languages – is becoming increasingly prevalent in our modern digital age. This paper will review the ways in which an NLG system may be framed in popular and scholarly discourse: namely, as a tool or as an agent. It will consider the implications of such perspectives for general perceptions of NLG systems and computer-generated texts. Negotiating claims made by system developers and the opinions of ordinary readers amassed through empirical studies conducted for this research, this paper delves into a theoretical and philosophical exploration of questions of authorial agency related to computer-generated texts, and by considering whether NLG systems constitute tools for manifesting human intention or agents in themselves.

This paper will begin by considering NLG systems as tools for manifesting human intent, the more commonly expressed view amongst developers and readers. An NLG system arguably serves as an extension of a human self (e.g. the developer or the user). Yet one cannot ignore the increasing autonomy of such systems. At what point does an extension of the self become a distinct entity altogether?

The discussion will then shift to considering NLG systems as agents in themselves. As evidenced by the results of studies conducted for this research, ordinary readers do tend to attribute authorship to computer-generated texts. However, these readers often attribute authorship to the system rather than its developers, indicating that – in some way – the system is distinct enough from its creators to warrant the title of author. Yet conventional modern understandings of the word ‘author’ suggest that authorship at least partly presumes intention- driven agency. Do NLG systems adhere to this expectation? Through reference to various theoretical perspectives, this paper will argue that some NLG systems may surpass the ‘tool’ title and more appropriately be deemed authorial agents. This type of agency, however, is not so characterised by the free-will intention of human writers, but by the intention to fulfil a designated objective that is respected within broader social contexts. When readers attribute authorship to the NLG system itself, that entity is permitted a place within the fluid social networks that humans populate. The NLG system becomes an algorithmic author.

By Jorge Sáez Jim…, 17 November, 2019
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Abstract (in English)

In response to the theme of "peripheries," this paper will explore the question of social media, poetics and externalities. Within the expansive semiotic space of contemporary interactive audiovisual media and the esoteric processes of machine language, the question of how one might wield the tools of discourse in service of socially engaged art gain new urgency.

Many assumptions about digital discourse in the United States are framed by the pragmatics of pop forms, driving political, aesthetic, and, even, intellectual discourse ever closer to consumer norms, under the rhetoric of authenticity, relevance, and democracy. To contextualize my argument, I will discuss the evolution of the popular, from craft to the vernacular, from mass media through interactive design, tracing a general evolution of social realism vis-à-vis shifting conceptions of authenticity.

For Benjamin, prior to mechanical reproduction, the work of art’s value found residence in its aura as a singular object. Following mechanical reproduction, its potency derives from its ubiquity. In the post-digital, this aura is represented in liquidity, a phenomenon which has implications for politics and culture. Invoking Simondon, Stiegler explains, “Individuation is conceived as a process which is always both psychic and collective—where I and we are therefore two aspects of the same process.” Pierre Bourdieu’s revolutionary insight—that consumer culture had transformed aesthetics from an expression of capital into a form of capital—anticipates the development of internet culture itself as a site of power production. Viewed alongside Stiegler’s account of failed individuation and its consequences, we can ask ourselves: Where, then, do we find poetics? How do we imagine an outside to our moment, which ordinates singularities for strategic advantage? How does art challenge the organization of psychic and social currents? Tracing Stiegler’s account of mnemotechnics is the universalization of the individual against the collective as a universal principle, we see the exhaustion of the Modern project: Suddenly, the aesthetic triumph of the individual over the collective is effectively collectivized vis-à-vis consumption. This approach to social unity produces a failed individuation, as sociality is measured in the fluctuations of “trending” values and the leveraging of affect.

Rethinking Michel de Certeau's impact on contemporary cultural studies through Bernard Stiegler's discussion of individuation, I will explore the relationship between anti-social movements and the proletarianization of culture, and consider the restorative potential of the arts. Do the arts simply adopt these audiovisual effects by incorporating the same machine processes? Do the arts serve as a vector of aesthetic innovation in pop culture, as a highbrow form of industrial culture? Or do the arts become an opportunity to engage in processes of “individuation” at the psychic, collective, and technical level? To explore these questions, this presentation will analyze a number of participatory works from the field of Electronic Literature. Possible works discussed might include, ALIS's Typomatic, Meanwhile's Netprov performances, Taroko Gorge remixes, and UnderAcademy's collaborative seminars.

By Jorge Sáez Jim…, 17 November, 2019
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Abstract (in English)

Private Screening is a live performance which considers questions of presence, access, and vulnerability in light of a cultural rush into interfaces of abstraction.

Locked in feedback loops that route through the computational cloud, the mind's means of provisionally defining itself — language — becomes data to be collected, systematized, synthesized, monetized, and maximized for impact. In these conditions, what does it mean to speak and to listen intimately? When the mind is persistently joined with networks, what does it mean to be self-consciously present?

Private Screening is a commissioned work responding to Goat Island's 2007 performance The Lastmaker. It premiered as part of the Goat Island Archive, a retrospective exhibition at the Chicago Cultural Center in June 2019.

By Jorge Sáez Jim…, 17 November, 2019
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Abstract (in English)

Suspended: a small town, zero tolerance story in survey form is a novella length piece of electronic literature.

A thirteen year old boy is suspended after posting on social media an ill-advised, incendiary cartoon that features the principal of his school. However, as the characters make their moves, the roles of victim and aggressor blur to the point of ambiguity and even reversal. The boy's parents move from punishing their son to protecting him, dogged by social stigma and fear of recrimination from school authorities as the story plays out against the backdrop of zero tolerance policy and the juvenile justice system.

The narrative of Suspended unfolds in the form of an opinion survey. Some answer choices contain questions, narrative, dialogue, rumination, sass, indignation, and/or the other or comments option, in which the survey taker is free to insert any of the above, or anything else. The piece is presented from the point of view of the survey writer, who simultaneously seeks reassurance and guidance, courts disapproval, craves vindication, and urgently seeks your opinion. Survey taker responses cumulatively shape an experience of the narrative; skip question logic creates multiple pathways through the story.

Constructed using SurveyMonkey, a popular web based survey writing tool, the story occupies an application not designed for literary purposes. Like a squatter or a hermit crab, the story exploits an available space chosen for particular qualities, hoping to thrive where it's not invited. This is the way the survey writer can tell the story.

Thank you so much for entertaining this fragile construction.

By Jorge Sáez Jim…, 17 November, 2019
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Abstract (in English)

The Thing That Is What a Circle Is is a heavily mediated performative lecture engaging and interrogating the positions and relationships of technological and mediatic writing/performing apparatuses with “live” or “real” time, repetition, and circularity. Framed through explicit concerns with objects that begin to emerge through evading conventionally attenuated forms and discourses, The Thing That Is What a Circle Is is an attempt to conflate technological and performative repetition with traditional notions of “live/real” time through addressing and recuperating the object/image of performance, the performance as object/image, the object/image as performance. The lecture will be staged by occupying the interstices of the subjects of tautology and circular logic, the former being a successful instrument of philosophical argument, the latter being evidence of poor scholarship and criticism. How might deep repetition, radical mimesis, and performance and writing media and machines expose and reveal not only the aesthetic execution of performance/writing and

media/machines themselves but also their conceptual underpinnings? To put it another way, how might the failures and slippages of such repetition and apparatuses not focus simply on meaninglessness specifically, but on the extra-representational strategies of duplicity, doubleness, desire, and simulation. Duplicity, doubleness, desire, and simulation lend themselves to the artifice of interface design and critiques of textuality, of reading and writing practices, the direct address of performance, and the lecture as an object/site of fetishism and spectacle. How might these seemingly disparate forms and contents be coerced and positioned to be put at odds with one another? What new dialogues/forms might this tension produce/generate/negate?

By Jorge Sáez Jim…, 17 November, 2019
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Abstract (in English)

This panel constitutes part two of the report begun at ELO 2018 on the progress of the project. It includes a tour of the ELO Repository and its various assets. It is followed by a discussion of the challenges the team faced in creating the site and ways they resolved them. It then moves into the next step of the project––the ELO Wikibase––that will ensure the accuracy and provide provenance for the works. It ends with a presentation of the kind of research opportunities the site makes available to scholars.